They are a popular site for peripheral venous cannulation because they tend to be prominent veins which are easily accessible and do not lie over a point of flexion-so are not too uncomfortable for the patient.
2.
Finally, invasive procedures completed by the cardiothoracic anesthesiology fellows include but are not limited to arterial line placement ( femoral, axillary, brachial, radial ), central venous cannulation ( internal juggular, femoral, subclavian ), pulmonary artery catheter placement, transvenous pacemaker placement, thoracic epidural analgesia, fiberoptic endotracheal tube placement, 2D / 3D transesophageal echocardiography, intraspinal drainage placement, and advanced ultrasound guidance of vascular access.
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